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[[Image:1923-Aurora-ARA.jpg|thumb|An [[Aurora]] advertisement from '20s.]]

[[Image:1923-Aurora-ARA.jpg|thumb|An [[Aurora]] advertisement from '20s.]]

The initial production was made of [[ebonite]] models with the classical [[eyedropper filler|eyedropper]] or [[safety]] filler, clearly inspired by the pens produced by American companies like [[Waterman]] that at that time began to be marketed in Italy. These were black ebonite pens in or smooth or [[BCHR|chased]] version, and also, but much more rare [[mottled]] models. There were also luxury models in gold plated or laminated metal [[overlay]], and also in full gold, which quality had nothing to envy to the pen produced by the more famous American brands.

The initial production was made of [[hard rubber]] models with the classical [[eyedropper filler|eyedropper]] or [[safety]] filler, clearly inspired by the pens produced by American companies like [[Waterman]] that at that time began to be marketed in Italy. These were black hard rubber pens in or smooth or [[BCHR|chased]] version, and also, but much more rare [[mottled]] models. There were also luxury models in gold plated or laminated metal [[overlay]], and also in full gold, which quality had nothing to envy to the pen produced by the more famous American brands.

[[Image:Aurora-RA-Overlay-n1.jpg|thumb|left|A [[R.A.]] n.1 model]]

[[Image:Aurora-RA-Overlay-n1.jpg|thumb|left|A [[R.A.]] n.1 model]]

In the '20s the company began to produce [[lever filler]] ebonite pens: the [[A.R.A]] model, standing for ''Aurora a Riempimento Automatico''<ref>meaning ''automatic filling [[Aurora]]''</ref> had a great success beyond the Italy boundaries and led [[Aurora]] alongside the major European manufacturers. At that time, the company followed the common practice of European producers who saw them build models similar to those marketed by big American producers, who then dominated the stylistic trends and technological development. But although they were obvious imitations, these models often ended up to be well above the original production for their quality or for specific stylistic achievements.

In the '20s the company began to produce [[lever filler]] hard rubber pens: the [[A.R.A]] model, standing for ''Aurora a Riempimento Automatico''<ref>meaning ''automatic filling [[Aurora]]''</ref> had a great success beyond the Italy boundaries and led [[Aurora]] alongside the major European manufacturers. At that time, the company followed the common practice of European producers who saw them build models similar to those marketed by big American producers, who then dominated the stylistic trends and technological development. But although they were obvious imitations, these models often ended up to be well above the original production for their quality or for specific stylistic achievements.

[[File:Aurora-ARA5-Duplex-Open.jpg|thumb|Aurora [[A.R.A.]] n.5 ]]

[[File:Aurora-ARA5-Duplex-Open.jpg|thumb|Aurora [[A.R.A.]] n.5 ]]

In the mid '20s also [[Aurora]] started production of [[celluloid]] pens, and in 1927 introduced the [[Aurora Duplex|Duplex]] series,<ref>there are some wrong references to this series as the [[Internazionale]], for example in the Enrico Castruccio book ''La Penna''.</ref> which name was chosen in the results of a competition. The pen was a [[lever filler]], proposed in four measures. I was a clear imitation of the [[Duofold]] with the cap head in black ebonite and a ball [[washer clip]]. But unlike the [[Duofold]] the top models of [[Aurora Duplex|Duplex]] have a metal clip with enchased with a fine filigree decoration, which makes the [[Aurora Duplex|Duplex]] a real jewel of the Italian style.

In the mid '20s also [[Aurora]] started production of [[celluloid]] pens, and in 1927 introduced the [[Aurora Duplex|Duplex]] series,<ref>there are some wrong references to this series as the [[Internazionale]], for example in the Enrico Castruccio book ''La Penna''.</ref> which name was chosen in the results of a competition. The pen was a [[lever filler]], proposed in four measures. I was a clear imitation of the [[Duofold]] with the cap head in black hard rubber and a ball [[washer clip]]. But unlike the [[Duofold]] the top models of [[Aurora Duplex|Duplex]] have a metal clip with enchased with a fine filigree decoration, which makes the [[Aurora Duplex|Duplex]] a real jewel of the Italian style.

[[Image:Aurora-Duplex.jpg|thumb|A [[Aurora Duplex|Duplex]] model.]]

[[Image:Aurora-Duplex.jpg|thumb|A [[Aurora Duplex|Duplex]] model.]]

The company, unlike the rival [[OMAS]], suffered heavy damage from bombing, the plants were destroyed and raw materials and archives were lost. But despite this after the war there was a great effort to rebuild the business. In 1947, following the new market trends dictated by the [[Parker 51]], [[Aurora]] introduced an [[hooded nib]] model. The design of the pen was entrusted to the architect [http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcello_Nizzoli Marcello Nizzoli]: the [[88]] was a masterpiece of the [[Aurora]] production, and obtained a great success.  

The company, unlike the rival [[OMAS]], suffered heavy damage from bombing, the plants were destroyed and raw materials and archives were lost. But despite this after the war there was a great effort to rebuild the business. In 1947, following the new market trends dictated by the [[Parker 51]], [[Aurora]] introduced an [[hooded nib]] model. The design of the pen was entrusted to the architect [http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcello_Nizzoli Marcello Nizzoli]: the [[88]] was a masterpiece of the [[Aurora]] production, and obtained a great success.  

The [[88]] model was equipped with a very advanced [[piston filler]], with differential threads. The pen was made with a metal cap in both gold-plated metal or using an alloy of nickel and silver called ''[[Nikargenta]]''. The body was in celluloid with a transparent section, while the handle of the piston was in ebonite. The [[88]] was qualitatively and technologically far more advanced than a [[51]], the only plastic part was the sheath of the nib, and the feeder had a sophisticated supply system which allowed a regular ink flux.

The [[88]] model was equipped with a very advanced [[piston filler]], with differential threads. The pen was made with a metal cap in both gold-plated metal or using an alloy of nickel and silver called ''[[Nikargenta]]''. The body was in celluloid with a transparent section, while the handle of the piston was in hard rubber. The [[88]] was qualitatively and technologically far more advanced than a [[51]], the only plastic part was the sheath of the nib, and the feeder had a sophisticated supply system which allowed a regular ink flux.

In 1954, to counter the massive advent of the ballpoint pens, [[Aurora]] launched the [[Duocart]], a [[cartridge filler|cartridge]] version of the [[88]]. The cartridges were carried out in polyethylene, and designed by [http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giulio_Natta Giulio Natta], nobel prize for chemistry. The distinguishing characteristic of the pen, exposed by the name, was the ability to contain within its barrel a second cartridge, to avoid to get out of ink.

In 1954, to counter the massive advent of the ballpoint pens, [[Aurora]] launched the [[Duocart]], a [[cartridge filler|cartridge]] version of the [[88]]. The cartridges were carried out in polyethylene, and designed by [http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giulio_Natta Giulio Natta], nobel prize for chemistry. The distinguishing characteristic of the pen, exposed by the name, was the ability to contain within its barrel a second cartridge, to avoid to get out of ink.

| 1923 || Introduced the 3 and 35 measures for the [[A.R.A]] model

| 1923 || Introduced the 3 and 35 measures for the [[A.R.A]] model

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| 1924 || Introduced [[RHR|red]] and [[mottled]] ebonite

| 1924 || Introduced [[RHR|red]] and [[mottled]] hard rubber

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| 1925 || Introduced an official clip  

| 1925 || Introduced an official clip