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== History ==

== History ==

Around [[1920]] ''Seth Sears Crocker'', founder of ''[[Crocker ]]Pen Company'' left business and his son, ''Seth Chilton Crocker'', took over the conduct of the company. In [[1923]] ''Seth Chilton Crocker'' entered directly in the fountain pen market founding in Boston a new company with its own name: the ''Chilton Pen Company''. The following year (or in [[1925]]) he launched the first model of the new company. It was a ordinary ''[[flattop]]'' hard rubber pen, but it was using an ingenious [[pneumatic filler|pneumatic filling system]] evolved from the ''[[blow filler]]'' invented by his father. That mechanism was essentially a precursor of the ''[[touchdown filler]]'' that [[Sheaffer]] will introduce just over 20 years later.

Around [[1920]] ''Seth Sears Crocker'', founder of ''[[Crocker]] Pen Company'' left business and his son, ''Seth Chilton Crocker'', took over the conduct of the company. In [[1923]] ''Seth Chilton Crocker'' entered directly in the fountain pen market founding in Boston a new company with its own name: the ''Chilton Pen Company''. In [[1925]]<ref>that year is esplicitely mentioned in a 1937 catalog for the [[Wing-flow]] model.</ref> he launched the first model of the new company. It was a ordinary ''[[flattop]]'' hard rubber pen, but it was using an ingenious [[pneumatic filler|pneumatic filling system]] evolved from the ''[[blow filler]]'' invented by his father. That mechanism was essentially a precursor of the ''[[touchdown filler]]'' that [[Sheaffer]] will introduce just over 20 years later.

The [[pneumatic filler|pneumatic filling system]] used by [[Chilton]] is based on compression made by sliding the outside shaft of the pen over a internal metal cylinder which encloses the ink sac like a pump piston. The sliding barrel is equipped with a hole on the bottom that must be hold closed with a finger in the process of pushing it down for compression, but once opened it allow the expansion of the ink sac and the subsequent filling.

The [[pneumatic filler|pneumatic filling system]] used by [[Chilton]] is based on compression made by sliding the outside shaft of the pen over a internal metal cylinder which encloses the ink sac like a pump piston. The sliding barrel is equipped with a hole on the bottom that must be hold closed with a finger in the process of pushing it down for compression, but once opened it allow the expansion of the ink sac and the subsequent filling.

The first [[Chilton]] pens were made in black or [[mottled]] hard rubber, but as early as [[1926]]  new models built in celluloid were produced, using the classic ''Jade green'' and ''Pearl Black'' colors. In these early years all [[Chilton]] production came from the Boston plant, and the models of this period are often referred to by the name of this city.

The first [[Chilton]] pens were made in black or [[mottled]] hard rubber, but as early as [[1926]]  new models built in celluloid were produced, using the classic ''Jade green'' and ''Pearl Black'' colors. In these early years all [[Chilton]] production came from the Boston plant, and the models of this period are often referred to by the name of this city.

In the late '20s (the exact moment of the transfer is not clear, some suggest it in [[1926]], others in 1929) the [[Chilton]] moved the production facilities from Boston to Long Island (in New York) also incorporating the remains of [[Crocker]]. In this period new celluloid models with new colors were produced, and a second version of the filling system was developed. In the new mechanism the external barrel was no longer used directly to do the compression, and there was an internal sliding metallic cylinder that could be driven through an handle back. The working principle was the same, but in this way the size of the cap could go back to a more proportionate dimension.  

Alla fine degli anni '20 (il momento esatto del trasferimento è incerto, taluni lo indicano nel [[1926]], altri nel 1929) la [[Chilton]] trasferì gli impianti produttivi da Boston a Long Island (New York) inglobando anche i resti della [[Crocker]]. In questo periodo vennero prodotti nuovi modelli in [[celluloide]] con nuovi colori, e sviluppata una seconda versione del sistema di caricamento, in cui non era più il fusto esterno ad essere usato per la compressione, ma un contro-cappuccio metallico azionato tramite il fondello. In questo modo le dimensioni del cappuccio potevano tornare ad essere più proporzionate.  

[[File:Chilton-LongIsland-Turquoise-Capped.jpg|thumb|A ''Long Island'' production [[Chilton]] pen]]

[[File:Chilton-LongIsland-Turquoise-Capped.jpg|thumb|A ''Long Island'' production [[Chilton]] pen]]

In the early 30's also [[Chilton]] started to produce ''[[streamlined]]'' models, following the trend introduced by the [[Balance]]. The this period models, produced in 15 color variations and 8 different sizes are commonly called ''[[Chilton Long Island|Long Island]]''. More or less at this time there was the birth of the so-called [[Chilton Lox-Top|Lox-Top]] models, equipped with a particular mechanism (called  [[Lox-Top]]) that prevented the cap from unscrewing when the pen was inserted into a pocket, this was carried out by a small pin, actuated by the clip, which was to hang on the section when the clip was moved from the cloth of the pocket.

In the early 30's also [[Chilton]] started to produce ''[[streamlined]]'' models, following the trend introduced by the [[Balance]]. The this period models, produced in 15 color variations and 8 different sizes are commonly called ''[[Chilton Long Island|Long Island]]''. More or less at this time there was the birth of the so-called [[Chilton Lox-Top|Lox-Top]] models, equipped with a particular mechanism (called  [[Lox-Top]]) that prevented the cap from unscrewing when the pen was inserted into a pocket, this was carried out by a small pin, actuated by the clip, which was to hang on the section when the clip was moved from the cloth of the pocket.

Between 1934 and [[1935]] (the two dates comes from different sources) [[Chilton]] introduced what is probably his masterpiece, the [[Wingflow]] model. The name come from the peculiar pen nib, cover by a patent ({{Cite patent|US|2089449}}) that was filed in [[1935]], equipped with lateral wings folded around the feeder, so that the nib could not be misaligned.

Fra il 1934 ed il [[1935]] (di nuovo vengono riportate queste due date da fonti diverse, ma assumeremo la seconda, che è riportata in un catalogo del 1937) la [[Chilton]] introdusse quello che è probabilmente il suo capolavoro, il modello [[Wing-flow]]. Il nome della penna derivava dal peculiare pennino, il cui brevetto ({{Cite patent|US|2089449}}) venne richiesto nel [[1935]], dotato di alette ribattute intorno all'alimentatore, così che questo non potesse disallinearsi.

In [[1939]] [[Chilton]] produced his last quality pen, the [[Golden Quill]]. The pen was launched at the New York World Fair. The new pen had a simple and austere style, in sharp contrast with the opulence of the [[Wingflow]]. The quality was as always impeccable, but the company had economical difficulties and the new pen was not publicized enough: sales were scarce so that the pen is very rare and  today id very sought by collectors.

In [[1939]] [[Chilton]] produced his last quality pen, the [[Golden Quill]]. The pen was launched at the New York World Fair. The new pen had a simple and austere style, in sharp contrast with the opulence of the [[Wingflow]]. The quality was as always impeccable, but the company had economical difficulties and the new pen was not publicized enough: sales were scarce so that the pen is very rare and  today id very sought by collectors.