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[[Immagine:Tabo-logo.jpg|center|200px|Logo Tabo]]
 
  
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The ''Stiassi e Tantini'' company (which historically has gone through many name changes) is one of the oldest fountain pens manufacturers on the Italian market, but unlike the other major Italian brands its production has been deployed with a variety of different names, of which the best known are [[The Scotland]] and [[Tabo]]. The brand [[The Scotland]] is the older of the two, and dates back to 1920, the brand [[Tabo]] instead was adopted from the late '30s.
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The ''Stiassi e Tantini'' company (which historically has gone through many name changes) is one of the oldest fountain pens manufacturers on the Italian market, but unlike the other major Italian brands its production has been deployed with a variety of different names, of which the best known are [[The Scotland]] and [[Tabo]], used in two different time periods. The brand [[The Scotland]] is the older of the two, and dates back to 1920, the brand [[Tabo]] instead was adopted from the late '30s.
  
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The company was active in Bologna and often is assumed that there are ties (in particular for the [[The Scotland]] brand production) with [[OMAS]] (but none is clearly documented). It is considered for the quality of its pens one of the most interesting historic Italian producers. The company produced high-quality fountain pens until all the 40s, but suffered heavily in the post-war from the effects the success of the ballpoint pen, and production ceased in the '50s.  
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The company was active in the Bologna area and it's often assumed having ties (in particular for the [[The Scotland]] brand production) with [[Omas]], but none is clearly documented. It is considered for the quality of its pens one of the most interesting historic Italian producers. The company produced high-quality fountain pens until all the 40s, but suffered heavily in the post-war from the effects the success of the ballpoint pen, and production ceased in the '50s.{{BrandData|Founder=Giuseppe Tantini, Giorgio Stiassi|Place=Bologna|Date=1919|Country=IT|Closing=1948|Trademarks=The Scotland,Tabo}}
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==History==
  
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== History ==
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The company's origins are between the oldest ones in Italy and at the Chamber of Commerce of Bologna the company appears to have been founded as ''Stiassi e Tantini'' in [[1919]] (12/17/1919) by ''Giuseppe Tantini'' and ''Giorgio Stiassi'' having a corporate purpose as ''Commercio di articoli di cancelleria e carta da scrivere'' (stationery and paper commerce). It was based in "via Combusti 5" and "via Nazario Sauro 1", in Bologna.<ref>information about this brand were found mainly by the second volume of ''La storia della stilografica in Italia'' by Letizia Iacopini, and in the sources cited therein.</ref>
  
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Le origini dell'azienda sono fra le più antiche e presso la Camera di Commercio di Bologna la ditta ''Stiassi e Tantini'' risulta essere stata fondata nel 1919 (17/12/1919) da ''Giuseppe Tantini'' e ''Giorgio Stiassi'' con scopo sociale il ''Commercio di articoli di cancelleria e carta da scrivere'' e sede in via Combusti 5 e via Nazario Sauro 1 a Bologna.<ref>le informazioni relative a questo marchio sono state reperite principalmente dal testo ''La storia della stilografica in Italia, II volume'' di Letizia Iacopini, e dalle fonti ivi citate.</ref>
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The ''Stiassi e Tantini'' activities remained predominantly in the field of the stationery commerce and the firm was until [[1924]] the only representative for Italy of ''Woodstok'' typewriters. The fountain pens production was presumably stared with the brand [[The Scotland]], although some believe that this brand has been primarily used for marking pens produced by others (presumably [[OMAS]] and [[ Montegrappa]]).
  
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Le attività della ''Stiassi e Tantini'' restarono comunque prevalentemente nel settore della cancelleria e la ditta restò fino al 1924 rappresentante esclusivo delle macchine da scrivere ''Woodstok'' per l'Italia. La produzione di stilografiche venne presumibilmente realizzata con il marchio [[The Scotland]], anche se c'è chi ritiene che questo sia stato usato prevalentemente per la marchiatura di penne prodotte da altri (presumibilmente la [[Omas]] e la [[Montegrappa]]).
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{{:The Scotland/en}}{{:Tabo/en}}
  
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[[Image:Scotland-Prismatica-Open.jpg|thumb|Una [[Scotland]] [[Prismatica]]]]
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In [[1948]] ''Stiassi e Tantini'' was closed, but the Tantini family continued its activities for some time with ''P. Tantini & C Srl'' company. In Bologna a business under this name  was opened, but the fountain pen production does not extend beyond the 50s. However a mention of F.I.S.A. as a fountain pen factory remains in the [[1956]] ''General Yearbook of Italian Industry and Product'' (see [[:File:1956-Annuario-Generale-Industria-Stilografiche-C.jpg|this excerpt]]). With the crisis resulting from the success of the disposable ballpoint pens the assets of the company was diversified in the business of ink, office supplies, and knickknacks, until the final failure occurred in [[1972]].
  
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La storia del marchio [[The Scotland]] resta comunque molto incerta, nel 1920 i due soci della ''Stiassi e Tantini'' fondarono la ''A.S.C.A.'' (''Azienda Specializzata in Cancelleria ed Affini'') e registrarono la ditta ''[[The Scotland]] Pen Italiana'' presso la Camera di Commercio di Bologna, presumibilmente in forza delle forti tendenze esterofile presenti sul mercato italiano della penna stilografica, che all'epoca videro nascere numerosi marchi con denominazioni anglosassone. L'unico altro documento noto a proposito del marchio è una fattura del 4 febbraio 1930 a nome dell'azienda ''Armando Merighi'' in cui viene raffigurata una stilografica denominata ''The Scotland Pen Self Filling'', in cui l'azienda viene qualificata come concessionario per l'Italia, questi in seguito risulta aver registrato il marchio ''Mercurio'', molto comune sui pennini economici.
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{{BrandChrono|Stiassi e Tantini}}
  
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La registrazione del marchio risulta essere avvenuta nel 1931 ({{Marchio|44193}}), mentre in seguito è registrata una variazione in ''Scotland Italiana'' (marchio depositato nel 1936 e riconosciuto nel 1937 {{Marchio|54732}}), e frutto probabilmente delle cambiamenti di clima dovuto alla lotta contro le tendenze esterofile ed alla esaltazione della italianità portata avanti dalla propaganda del regime fascista. Il legame con la [[Tabo]] viene comunque confermato dalla presenza di un modello di grosse dimensioni marcato ''Scotland Italiana - Tabo Mod 1926''.
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==External references==
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* none at the moment
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Le penne della [[Scotland]] vedono, per gli esemplari più antichi, la presenza di modelli [[safety]], realizzati sia in [[BCHR|ebanite nera cesellata]] che in versione [[overlay|rivestita]] con metallo laminato in oro decorato con incisioni geometriche. Non sono note denominazioni precise di questi modelli se non quelle presenti nella fattura citata precedentemente che riporta i seguenti nomi: ''special'', ''junior'', ''9I safetj'', ''zigrinato tipo [[Waterman]] 40''.
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==Notes==
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I primi modelli in celluloide sono, come per molta altra produzione dello stesso periodo, imitazioni della [[Duofold]]. A dimostrare l'influenza della produzione anglosassone, si  tratta in questo caso di modelli recante le incisioni ''The Scotland Pen'' e ''Self filling'' su due righe sul corpo e pennino in oro marcato ''The Scotland Pen'' e ''Made in England'', che nei modelli degli anni '30 verranno sostituiti da pennini marcati ''Scotland Italiana'' e ''Made in Italy''.
 
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A questi modelli seguono, databili anche questi agli anni '30, dei modelli ogivali dotati dello stesso tipo di fermagli e finiture dei precedenti modelli imitazioni della [[Duofold]], ma con testa del cappuccio e fondo del corpo affusolati. Pare invece esservi un coinvolgimento della [[Omas]] nella produzione, probabilmente successiva, di modelli sfaccettati derivati in maniera abbastanza evidente dalla [[Omas Extra]], denominate ''The Scotland Prisma''. La produzione di penne a marchio [[The Scotland]] pare essersi interrotta con l'avvento della seconda guerra mondiale.
 
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[[Image:1943-Tabo-Trasparente.jpg|thumb|Una pubblicità della [[Tabo]] ]]
 
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La produzione di delle stilografiche a marchio [[Tabo]] è piuttosto tardiva e viene fatta risalire alla fine degli anni '30.  Le attività della ''Stiassi e Tantini'' risultano cessare nel 1939, ma è dell'anno precedente la fondazione, da parte dei due soci, della ''S.I.S.A.'' (''Società Italiana Stilografiche e Affini''), successivamente (nel 1940?) rinominata ''F.I.S.A.'' (''Fabbrica Italiana Stilografiche e Affini'') che è la ditta da cui ha origine la produzione delle penne marchiate [[Tabo]], sigla usata come abbreviazione della dicitura ''Tantini - Bologna''. Negli anni successivi la ragione sociale venne nuovamente cambiata in ''Stiassi e Tantini S. A.'', dicitura che appare nelle prime pubblicità delle penne [[Tabo]] risalenti agli inizi degli anni '40.
 
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[[Image:Tabo-Trasparente-Black-Capped.jpg|thumb|left|Una [[Tabo Trasparente]] ]]
 
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Le serie dei modelli [[Tabo]] della fine degli anni '30 erano prodotte in versioni diverse a seconda dei sistemi di caricamento, esistevano infatti modelli a [[pulsante di fondo]], denominati [[Tabo Mentis|Mentis]], e modelli con caricamento a depressione simile a quello della [[Vacumatic]] denominati [[Tabo Trasparente|Trasparente]] oltre che modelli sfaccettati con il più ordinario [[caricamento a levetta]], simili alla [[Omas Extra]], identificati con la cifra ''1931''. Infine sono presenti anche [[Tabo Rientrante|modelli]] [[safety|rientranti]] in ebanite o [[overlay|rivestiti]], molto simili a quelli presenti nella produzione [[Montegrappa]], denominati con un codice numero a quattro cifre.
 
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Oltre ai precedenti modelli marcati [[Tabo]], che costituivano la produzione di maggior pregio e che non hanno nulla da invidiare sul piano della qualità alle penne degli altri principali costruttori italiani, l'azienda realizzò anche stilografiche di seconda fascia, ad un prezzo minore, utilizzando una serie di sottomarche come ''StyBy'', ''Stibi'', ''EsseTibi'', ''[[S.T.B.]]''.
 
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[[Image:Tabo-S-Brown-Capped.jpg|thumb|Una [[Tabo S]] ]]
 
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Nel dopoguerra l'azienda dovette affrontare la crescita della concorrenza e l'impatto dell'introduzione delle resine plastiche nella produzione di stilografiche, la cui diffusione andava rapidamente aumentando anche in Europa. Le linee vennero riviste passando al [[caricamento a stantuffo]], venne introdotta la linea [[Vertex]] a pennino coperto (sostituita poi dalla [[Tabo V]]) e le due linee [[Tabo S|S]] e [[Tabo CO|CO]] ad indicare rispettivamente i modelli con pennino scoperto e con cappuccio metallico (''Cappuccio Oro'').
 
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Nel 1948 la ''Stiassi e Tantini'' si sciolse definitivamente, ma la famiglia Tantini proseguì per un certo periodo le attività con la ''P. Tantini & C Srl''; venne aperta a Bologna una attività commerciale sotto questo nome, ma la produzione delle stilografiche non si estende oltre gli anni '50. Con la crisi derivante dal successo della penna a sfera usa e getta le attività dell'azienda si diversificarono nel commercio di inchiostri, materiale da cancelleria e chincaglierie, fino al fallimento avvenuto nel 1972.
 
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{{CronoMarche}}
 
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|  1919 || Fondata a Bologna la ''Stiassi e Tantini''
 
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|  1920 || Stiassi e Tantini registrano il marchio ''The [[Scotland]] Pen Italiana''
 
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|  1939 || La ''Stiassi e Tantini'' chiude, sostituta dalla  ''S.I.S.A.'' (''Società Italiana Stilografiche e Affini'')
 
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|  1940?<ref>data incerta, si suppone l'anno seguente la fondazione della ''S.I.S.A.''</ref> || La  ''S.I.S.A.'' diventa la ''F.I.S.A.'' (''Fabbrica Italiana Stilografiche e Affini'')
 
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|  1941?<ref>data indicativa, si intendono i primi anni '40</ref>  || La  ''F.I.S.A.'' diventa la ''Stiassi e Tantini S. A.''
 
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|  1948 || La ''Stiassi e Tantini S. A.'' chiude le attività
 
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{{LegendaModelli}}
 
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| [[XX]] || 19XX || XX, ?
 
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==Note==
 
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
  
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==Riferimenti esterni==
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{{CategorizeBrand|Italia}}
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* nessuno, per ora
 

Versione attuale delle 15:25, 4 apr 2023

The Stiassi e Tantini company (which historically has gone through many name changes) is one of the oldest fountain pens manufacturers on the Italian market, but unlike the other major Italian brands its production has been deployed with a variety of different names, of which the best known are The Scotland and Tabo, used in two different time periods. The brand The Scotland is the older of the two, and dates back to 1920, the brand Tabo instead was adopted from the late '30s.

The company was active in the Bologna area and it's often assumed having ties (in particular for the The Scotland brand production) with Omas, but none is clearly documented. It is considered for the quality of its pens one of the most interesting historic Italian producers. The company produced high-quality fountain pens until all the 40s, but suffered heavily in the post-war from the effects the success of the ballpoint pen, and production ceased in the '50s.

History

The company's origins are between the oldest ones in Italy and at the Chamber of Commerce of Bologna the company appears to have been founded as Stiassi e Tantini in 1919 (12/17/1919) by Giuseppe Tantini and Giorgio Stiassi having a corporate purpose as Commercio di articoli di cancelleria e carta da scrivere (stationery and paper commerce). It was based in "via Combusti 5" and "via Nazario Sauro 1", in Bologna.[1]

The Stiassi e Tantini activities remained predominantly in the field of the stationery commerce and the firm was until 1924 the only representative for Italy of Woodstok typewriters. The fountain pens production was presumably stared with the brand The Scotland, although some believe that this brand has been primarily used for marking pens produced by others (presumably OMAS and Montegrappa).

A Scotland Prismatica

The history of the The Scotland brand is still very uncertain. In 1920 the two Stiassi e Tantini members founded also A.S.C.A., acronym of Azienda Specializzata in Cancelleria ed Affini (meaning Company Specialized in Stationery and Related), and registered the company name The Scotland Pen Italiana with the Chamber of Commerce of Bologna, presumably by virtue of the strong anglophiles trends in the Italian market, which at the time saw many brands using english names. There are no know information about when production was effectively started, but it's generally assumed to be in the '20s.

The trademark registration was done in 1931 (Reg. Gen. N. 44193), and later there was a change in Scotland Italiana, registered in 1936/1937 (Reg. Gen. N. 54732), probably as the result of market trends changes due to the fight against anglophile trends and the exaltation of the Italian naming made by the fascist regime propaganda. The link with Tabo is anyway confirmed by the presence of a oversize model marked Scotland Italiana - Tabo Mod 1926.

The only other known document about the brand is a February 4, 1930 bill on behalf of the "Fabbrica Penne Stilografiche Armando Merighi" company which depicts a fountain pen called "The Scotland Self Filling Pen", for which this company is claiming to be the dealer for the Italian distribution, and Merighi himself registered in the '40s the brand name Mercurio, often found on economic nibs.

The earlier fountain pen production by The Scotland was composed by safety models made both in simple black chased hard rubber or with metal overlays, these ones using laminated gold metal decorated with geometric engravings. There are no known specific names of these models than those previously cited in the bill that reports the following names: special, junior, 9I safetj, zigrinato tipo Waterman 40.

The first celluloid models are, as for many other Italian pens produced in the same period, Duofold imitations. To demonstrate the influence of anglophile names, these models were containing the inscriptions like The Scotland Pen and Self filling in two rows on the body, and gold nib was marked The Scotland Pen and Made in England, these were replaced in the '30s models by nibs marked Scotland Italiana and Made in Italy.

After these models followed, still from the '30s, new streamlined models fitted with the same type of clip and finishes of the previous Duofold imitations, but with tapered ends for cap and barrel. It seems, however, that there was an Omas role in the production of some later models, known as The Scotland Prisma, that are fairly evident imitation (and perhaps derived) from the Omas Extra. The production of The Scotland branded pens seems to have stopped with the advent of World War II.

A Tabo advertisement

The Tabo brand fountain pens production is rather late and goes back to the late '30s. The activities of Stiassi e Tantini results to be closed in 1939, but the two members founded the previous year a new company named "S.I.S.A.", acromym of Società Italiana Stilografiche e Affini (meaning Italian Company Fountain Pens and Related), that was remaned in 1940 (?) as "F.I.S.A.", acronym of Fabbrica Italiana Stilografiche e Affini (meaning Italian Factory Fountain Pens and Related) who was the company giving birth to the production of Tabo branded pens, another acronym used as an abbreviation for the term Tantini - Bologna. In later years the company name was changed again in Stiassi e Tantini S. A., wording that appears in the first Tabo pen advertising dating from the early '40s. The F.I.S.A. is however reported as a fountain pen company in the general industry directory of 1956.[2]

The Tabo series of late 30's were produced in different versions depending on the filling systems as there were button filler models, called Mentis, and depression filler models, similar to the Vacumatic, called Trasparente, as well as models with the more ordinary lever filler with a faceted body, similar to the Omas Extra, identified by the number 1931. Finally there were also safety models, made in hard rubber or with metal overlay, very similar to those found in the Montegrappa production, named with a four digits code number.

In addition to previous Tabo marked models, which were the first tier production that has nothing to envy in terms of quality compared to pens produced by the other major Italian manufacturers, the company also made second-tier fountain pens, at a lower price, using a series of sub-brands such as StyBy, Stibi, EsseTibi, S.T.B..

A Tabo S

After World War II the company faced an increased competition by the impact of the molded plastic introduction in fountain pens production, whose circulation was rapidly increasing in Europe. All series were reviewed by using the piston filler, then was introduced the Vertex line, a covered nib pen (later replaced by Tabo V) and the two lines S and CO to indicate respectively the models with hooded nib and the models with metal cap, (CO is the acronym of Cappuccio Oro, meaning gold cap).

In 1948 Stiassi e Tantini was closed, but the Tantini family continued its activities for some time with P. Tantini & C Srl company. In Bologna a business under this name was opened, but the fountain pen production does not extend beyond the 50s. However a mention of F.I.S.A. as a fountain pen factory remains in the 1956 General Yearbook of Italian Industry and Product (see this excerpt). With the crisis resulting from the success of the disposable ballpoint pens the assets of the company was diversified in the business of ink, office supplies, and knickknacks, until the final failure occurred in 1972.

Chronology

Year Event
1919 the company future owners of Scotland and Tabo trademarks, is founded
1919 the company is founded by Giuseppe Tantini, Giorgio Stiassi in Bologna
1920 Stiassi e Tantini register The Scotland Pen Italiana at the Chamber of Commerce of Bologna
1920 the company founds A.S.C.A. (Azienda Specializzata in Cancelleria ed Affini)
1931 the company registers the The Scotland Pen Italiana trademark
1936 the company registers the new trademark Scotland Italiana
1939 Stiassi e Tantini become S.I.S.A. (Società Italiana Stilografiche e Affini) and starts usinig Tabo trademark
1940 S.I.S.A. (owner of Tabo trademark) become F.I.S.A. (Fabbrica Italiana Stilografiche e Affini) (approximate date[3])
1948 the company ceases operations

External references

  • none at the moment

Notes

  1. ↑ information about this brand were found mainly by the second volume of La storia della stilografica in Italia by Letizia Iacopini, and in the sources cited therein.
  2. ↑ as resulting from this extract.
  3. ↑ supposed few time after S.I.S.A. foundation
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