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The history of the fountain pen is in fact inextricably linked to that of the various systems that over the years have been designed to fill the ink. In particular, in the early 1900s all manufacturers competed to introduce new filling systems, often unnecessarily complicated and not very functional, which were then used to promote the superiority of their pens.

The history of the fountain pen is in fact inextricably linked to that of the various systems that over the years have been designed to fill the ink. In particular, in the early 1900s all manufacturers competed to introduce new filling systems, often unnecessarily complicated and not very functional, which were then used to promote the superiority of their pens.

Si sono riportati qui di seguito i principali sistemi di caricamento adottati dai vari produttori nel corso della lunga storia della penna stilografica a partire dalle sue origini fino ai nostri giorni. I vari sistemi sono stati raggruppati per affinità di funzionamento, ed i vari gruppi sono presentati in un approssimativo ordine cronologico di introduzione.

Below are the main loading systems used by the various manufacturers throughout the long history of the fountain pen from its origins to the present day. The various systems have been grouped by affinity of operation, and the various groups are presented in an approximate chronological order of introduction.

== Caricamento diretto ==

== Caricamento diretto ==