<noinclude>{{ReferBox|Filling systems}}</noinclude>Introduced by [[Parker]] in [[1933]] with the launch of the [[Vacumatic]] model, it was advertised as the first rubber ''sacless'' filling system. In fact this is absolutely not true (a classic example of misleading advertising) both because at the time there were already several versions of rubber sacless filling systems, such as the [[plunger filler]] of [[Onoto]] and the [[piston filler]] of [[Pelikan]], or because in reality the filling always relies on a flexible rubber element, the ''[[diaphragm]]'', even if this does not perform the functions of a tank. | <noinclude>{{ReferBox|Filling systems}}</noinclude>Introduced by [[Parker]] in [[1933]] with the launch of the [[Vacumatic]] model, it was advertised as the first rubber ''sacless'' filling system. In fact this is absolutely not true (a classic example of misleading advertising) both because at the time there were already several versions of rubber sacless filling systems, such as the [[plunger filler]] of [[Onoto]] and the [[piston filler]] of [[Pelikan]], or because in reality the filling always relies on a flexible rubber element, the ''[[diaphragm]]'', even if this does not perform the functions of a tank. |